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Typical Testing
A.
Typical Paint and Coatings Evaluations
- Air
Space Analysis
o Desorption w/CS2 from air sampling tubes; GC/MS measurement
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Application Properties (brush, roll, spray)
o atomization (spray)
o coalescent demand
o contact angle (sessile drop, advancing, receding)
o dry speed (dry-to-touch, dry-through, mechanical, laser
light scattering)
o flow & leveling (brush, roller, NYPC)
o lapping
o low temperature touch-up vs. room temperature
o low temperature drying and film formation
o roller spatter
o sagging
o spread rate
o touch-up (brush, roll, spray)
o wet film thickness
- Contaminant
identification
o Micro FTIR for ID of small particles
- Film
Appearance Properties
o color by integrating sphere colorimeter. L*a*b*, L*c*h*,
DE
o DFT (dry film thickness)
o digital photomicroscopy (1000x w/12 Mp camera)
o dry hiding (from porosity)
o gloss (20°, 60°, 85°)
o hiding power
o opacity, intrinsic (contrast ratio, scattering coefficient)
o opacity, applied (brush, roll, spray)
o reflectance
o SEM (scanning electron microscopy, up to 3000x)
o yellowing
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Film Performance Properties
o adhesion (cupping, pull-off, tensile, x-hatch)
o abrasion (falling sand, Taber)
o abrasive scrub
o blocking
o blistering
o CPVC (Critical Pigment Volume Concentration) by electrochemical
measurement.
o chalking
o chemical resistance
o cracking
o degree of cure (MDSC)
o EIS (measurement of corrosion resistance by electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy)
o exposure (Cleveland Condensing Humidity, QUV A&B,
Salt Spray/Salt Fog, Prohesion)
o falling dart impact
o flexibility (mandrel bend)
o hardness (Clemen, Tukon/Knoop, pencil, Sward Rocker)
o MEK rubs
o stain resistance
o washability
o water spotting
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Liquid Coating Properties
o color acceptance
o flash point (setaflash, Tag)
o MFFT (minimum film-forming temperature)
o pH
o syneresis
o stability (freeze-thaw, heat, roller)
o surface tension (pendant drop)
o viscosity (Ku, ICI, Brookfield)
o VOC by EPA Test Method 24
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Deformulation: Separation of a paint into pigment,
binder, and solvent fractions, resulting in the % total
NV, P/B ratio. Full deformulation or look for specific component.
o Identification of the pigment fraction
- qualitative by FTIR
- qualitative by gravimetric
- semi-quantitative elemental
analysis by SEM/EDXA w/XRF
- quantitative by X-ray diffraction
(with or w/o JCPDS search)
o Identification of the solvent fraction (GC/MS)
- Volatiles analysis (quantitative,
qualitative)
- % water (Karl Fischer; GC)
o Identification of the vehicle fraction
- qualitative by FTIR
- qualitative by pyrolysis/GC/MS
- quantitative by chemical/instrumental
methods (polyesters, alkyds)
- semi-quantitative by chemical/instrumental
methods (acrylics, urethanes)
- % Wt NV
- % Vol NV
- Weight per gallon (density)
- Acid value
- Amine Value
- Epoxide value
- Hydroxyl value
- Iodine value
- Saponification value
- Nitrogen (Kjeldahl)
- Nitrogen (volatile)
- NCO value
- Molecular weight (HPGPC,
HPLC)
- Inorganic analysis (AA)
- Polymer composition (pyrolysis
GC/MS; FTIR)
- Surface analysis (Attenuated
Total Reflectance FTIR)
- Particle Size
- Tg
- Tm
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Formulation: development of paint/coatings formula to customer
specifications.
o Architectural paints, coatings, & stains (interior,
exterior, porch & deck, roof, wood, cement, aerosols)
o Industrial paints and coatings (OEM, industrial maintenance)
B.
Litigation Support: specializing in intellectual property,
patent infringement, personal injury and product liability
cases.
- Analysis
of Opponents Data
- Depositions
- Expert
Witness
- Expert
Report
- Trial
Testimony
C.
Problem Solving
-
Failure Analysis
-
Process Improvement
-
Six Sigma Approach
-
Test Method Development
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